List of the xie jiao

(被禁止名單or被禁團體名單, “list of forbidden groups.”)  The list of the “organizations promoting heterodox teachings” the CCP prohibits as xie jiao and includes in the black market. Similar lists existed in Imperial and Nationalist China, and which religions were included in them was largely motivated by political considerations. Since 1995, the CCP has published and periodically published lists of the xie jiao. They are crucially important to determine which groups are banned and mercilessly persecuted.